Kalimat Aktive adalah sebuah kalimat yang subjectnya melakukan tindakan,sedangkan kalimat Passive adalah kalimat yang subjectnya dikenai tindakan. Dalam kalimat Passive, dengan kata lain kita menggunakan kalimat aktive untuk mengatakan apa yang dilakukan oleh Subject, sedangkan dalam kalimat Passive digunakan untuk menjelaskan apa yang terjadi pada subject. Atau secara mudah kalimat aktive adalah kalimat yang kata kerjanya berarti “me....” contoh “ membunuh, Memakan, membuka, mengerjakan ”, sedangkan dalam kalimat passive kata kerjanya berarti “di...” contoh “ Dibunuh, dimakan,dibuka,dikerjakan” . berikut ini macam macam contoh kalimat Passive dan aktive,perhatikan perbedaannya.
1. The daughter hitting the ball ( kalimat ini adalah kalimat Aktive, yang artinya “ gadis memukul bola”)
2. The ball was hit yesteryear the daughter ( kalimat ini adalah kalimat passive,yang artinya “ bola dipukul oleh gadis”)
3. Somebody built this family inwards 1930. ( kalimat ini adalah kalimat aktive, yang artinya “ seseorang membangun rumah ini pada tahun 1930”
4. This house was built inwards 1930 ( kalimat ini adalah kalimat passive, yang artinya “ rumah ini dibangun pada tahun 1930”)
5. My gramps was a builder. He built this family inwards 1930 ( kalimat ini adalah kalimat aktive, yang artinya “ ayah saya adalah seorang pembangun. Dia membangun rumah ini pada tahun 1930”)
6. It is a big company. it employs 2 hundred people ( kalimat ini adalah kalimat aktive yang artinya “ ini adalah sebuah perusahan besar. Perusahan ini memperkejakan dua ratus orang”)
7. This family is quite old. It was built inwards 1930 ( kalimat ini adalah kalimat aktive, yang artinya “ rumah ini cukup tua. Rumah ini dibangun pada tahun 1930”)
8. Two hundred people are employed by the company (kalimat ini adalah kalimat passive, yang artinya “ dua ratus orang dipekerjakan oleh perusahan ini”)
Cara Penulisan Kalimat passive dari kalimat aktive atau Rumus/pola Kalimat Passive
Sama dengan kalimat aktive,dalam kalimat passive juga terdapat banyak jenis tenses nya misalnya saja. Ingat dalam kalimat passive adalah cenderung menekankan apa yang dilakukan oleh object,sehingga plain of study dikenakan tindakan. Ingat dalam pembuatan kalimat aktive ke passive ketika tobe ditentukan oleh object bukan dari subject. Jika plain of study plural dan object singular maka tobe ditentukan oleh objectnya, begitu juga untuk tenses tenses yang lain
1. Simple introduce tenses
( + ) Object + tobe ( Is,am,are) + V3 + By + Subject + Adverb
( - ) Object + tobe ( Is,am,are) + non + V3 + BY+ Subject + Adverb
( ? ) tobe ( Is,am,are) + Object + V3 + By + Subject + Adverb ?
Cotoh :
Fina prepares the salad every morning time (kalimat aktive)
The salad is prepared yesteryear Fina every morning time ( kalimat passive )
The salad is non prepared yesteryear Fina every morning ( kalimat passive negative )
Is the salad prepared yesteryear Fina Every morning time ? ( kalimat passive tanya )
They pigment this family every year (kalimat aktive)
( + ) This family is painted yesteryear them every year. ( kalimat passive )
( - ) This hous is non painted yesteryear them every year. ( kalimat passive negative )
( ? ) Is this house painted yesteryear them every twelvemonth ? ( kalimat passive tanya )
Ayu writtes the books (kalimat aktive)
( + )The books are written yesteryear Ayu ( kalimat passive )
( - )The Books are non written yesteryear Ayu ( kalimat passive negative )
( ? ) Are the books written yesteryear Ayu? ( kalimat passive tanya )
2. Simple Past tense
( + ) Object + tobe ( was/were) + V3 + By + Subject + Adverb
( - ) Object + tobe (was/were) + non + V3 + BY+ Subject + Adverb
( ? ) tobe ( Is,am,are) + Object + V3 + By + Subject + Adverb ?
They Prepared the salad yesterday ( aktive)
The salad was prepared yesteryear them yesterday ( passive positive)
The salad was non prepared by them yesterday ( passive negative)
Was the salad prepared yesteryear them yesterday ? ( Passive interogative)
Andrea Hirata wrote “Laskar Pelangi” inwards 2008 ( aktive)
“ Laskar Pelangi” was written yesteryear Andrea Hirata inwards 2008 ( passive positive)
“ Laskar Pelangi” was non written by Andrea Hirata inwards 2008 ( passive negative)
was “ Laskar Pelangi” written by Andrea Hirata inwards 2008 ? ( Passive interogative)
3. Simple introduce continuous tense.
Subject + to hold upward (Is, am, are) + V Ing + Object + adverb (kalimat aktive )
( + ) Object + tobe ( Is,am,are) + Being + V3 + By + Subject + Adverb
( - ) Object + tobe ( Is,am,are) + Being + non + V3 + BY + Subject + Adverb
( ? ) tobe ( Is,am,are) + Object + Being + V3 + By + Subject + Adverb ?
Fina too Ayu are preparing the political party today. ( kalimat aktive)
The political party are beingness prepared yesteryear Fina too Ayu today ( kalimat Passive Positive)
The political party are non beingness prepared yesteryear Fina too Ayu today ( kalimat Passive Negative)
Are the political party being prepared yesteryear Fina too Ayu today ? (kalimat passive tanya )
4. Simple yesteryear continuous tense.
Subject + to hold upward ( was/were ) + V Ing + Object + adverb (kalimat aktive )
( + ) Object + tobe (was/were) + Being + V3 + By + Subject + Adverb
( - ) Object + tobe (was/were) + Being + non + V3 + BY + Subject + Adverb
( ? ) tobe (was/were) + Object + Being + V3 + By + Subject + Adverb ?
Fina too Ayu were preparing the political party today. ( kalimat aktive)
The political party were beingness prepared yesteryear Fina too Ayu today ( kalimat Passive Positive)
The political party were non beingness prepared yesteryear Fina too Ayu today ( kalimat Passive Negative)
were the political party being prepared yesteryear Fina too Ayu today ? (kalimat passive tanya )
Fina was watching the motion painting when I telephone band her.
The motion painting was beingness watched by Fina when I telephone band her ( kalimat Passive Positive)
The motion painting was non beingness watched yesteryear Fina when I telephone band her ( kalimat Passive Negative)
Was the movie was beingness watched by Fina when I telephone band her ? (kalimat passive tanya )
5. Simple introduce perfect
Object + have/has + been + V3 + yesteryear + Subject + Adverb ( Kalimat passive positive )
Object + have/has+ non + been + V3 + yesteryear + Subject + Adverb ( Kalimat passive negative )
Have/has + Object + been +V3 + By + Subject + Adverb +?
Fina Has helped Ayu 3 times.
Ayu has been helped yesteryear Fina 3 times.
Ayu has non been helped yesteryear Fina 3 times.
Has Ayu been helped by Fina 3 times ?
They convey visited Bali for 3 times
Bali has been visited yesteryear Them for 3 times
Bali has non been visited by them for 3 times
Has Bali been visited yesteryear them for 3 times ?
6. Past Perfect
Object + Had + been + V3 + yesteryear + Subject + Adverb ( Kalimat passive positive )
Object + Had + non + been + V3 + yesteryear + Subject + Adverb ( Kalimat passive negative )
Had + Object + been +V3 + By + Subject + Adverb +?
Fina Had helped Ayu 3 times.
Ayu Had been helped yesteryear Fina 3 times.
Ayu Had non been helped by Fina 3 times.
Had Ayu Been helped yesteryear Fina 3 times ?
They had visited Bali for 3 times
Bali had been visited by Them for 3 times
Bali had non been visited yesteryear them for 3 times
had Bali been visited by them for 3 times ?
7. Past Continuous
Subject + was/were + V Ing + Object + adverb
( + ) Object + was/were + Being + V3 + By + Subject + Adverb
( - ) Object + was/were + Being + non + V3 + BY + Subject + Adverb
( ? ) was/were + Object + Being + V3 + By + Subject + Adverb ?
Andi too tono was cooking the cake for the political party at this fourth dimension yesterday.
The cake was beingness cooked yesteryear andi too tono for the political party at this fourth dimension yesterday.
The cake was non beingness cooked by andi too tono for the political party at this fourth dimension yesterday.
Was the cake beingness cooked by andi too tono for the political party at this fourth dimension yesterday?
8. Simple hereafter tense
Object + volition + hold upward + V3 +by + Subject + adverb
Object + volition +not + hold upward + V3 + yesteryear + Subject + adverb
Will + Object + hold upward + V3 +by + Subject + adverb ?
Fina volition spotter the motion painting amongst her fellow tomorrow black
The motion painting will hold upward watched yesteryear Fina amongst her fellow tomorrow night.
The movie volition non hold upward watched by Fina amongst her fellow tommorow night.
Will the motion painting be watched by Fina amongst her fellow tommorow black ?
9. Simple Future ( Going to)
Object + to hold upward + going to + hold upward + V3 +by + Subject + adverb
Object + to hold upward + going to +not + hold upward + V3 + yesteryear + Subject + adverb
to hold upward + Object + going to + hold upward + V3 + yesteryear + Subject + adverb ?
Fina is going to spotter the motion painting amongst her fellow tomorrow night.
The motion painting is going to hold upward watched yesteryear Fina amongst her fellow tomorrow night.
The motion painting is going to non hold upward watched by Fina amongst her fellow tommorow night.
is The motion painting going to hold upward watched yesteryear Fina amongst her fellow tomorrow black ?
Latihan soal Passive vocalism
Ubahlah kalimat dibawah ini menjadi kalimat passive menjadi kalimat aktive atau sebaliknya.
1. Shakespeare wrote that play.
2. Waitressess too waiters serve customers.
3. The instructor is going to explicate the lesson.
4. Two horses were pulling the farmer’s wagon.
5. Toshi volition invite Yoko to the party.
6. Alex is preparing that report.
7. Kathy had returned the majority to the library.
8. Miriam has designed several world buildings.
9. His tricks volition non fool me.
10. I did non write that note. Did Jim write it ?
11. Does Prof. Shapiro learn that course of pedagogy ? No, he does non learn it.
12. Mrs. Andrews has non signed those papers yet. Has Mr.Andrews signed them however ?
13. The spoken language was given yesteryear Anwar
14. Our Assignments are going to hold upward corrected yesteryear the teaching assistant.
15. Was the electrical calorie-free bulb invented yesteryear Thomas Edison ?
16. The speed confine on Highway five is non obeyed yesteryear almost drivers.
17. Have you lot been informed of the rent growth yesteryear the edifice managing director ?
Jawaban dan Pembahasan Soal Passive vocalism
1. That play was written by Shakespeare.
Dalam soal tenses yang digunakan adalah uncomplicated past, karena menggunakan kata kerja ke dua “wrote” dan pada kalikmat passive nya menggunakan “was” karena that play merupakan plain of study tunggal.
2. Customers are served by Waitressess too waiters.
Dalam soal kalimat yang digunakan adalah kalimat uncomplicated present, hal ini karena kata kerja yang digunakan adalah V1 “serve” dan dalam kalimat passive menggunakan to hold upward “are” karena Customers adalah jamak.
3. The lesson is going to hold upward learned yesteryear the teacher.
Dalam soal kalimatnya berjenis uncomplicated future,dan dalam kalimat passive yang digunakan adalah uncomplicated future, tobe yang digunakan adalah “is” karena the lesson adalah tunggal.
4. The farmer’s railroad vehicle was beingness pulled by 2 horses.
Pada soal tenses yang digunakan adalah yesteryear continuous,dan dalam kalimat passive menggunakan tobe “ was” karena The farmer’s railroad vehicle berjumlah tunggal.
5. Yoko will hold upward invited yesteryear Toshi to the Party.
Dalam soal tenses yang digunakan adalah uncomplicated future,dan dalam kalimat passive mengunakan jenis uncomplicated hereafter “will” sehingga Object tunggal atau jamak tidak begitu berpengaruh.
6. That study is beingness prepared yesteryear Alex.
Dalam soal tenses yang digunakan adalah uncomplicated introduce continuous tense,dan dalam kalimat passive kita menggunakan tobe “be” karena that study adalah berbentuk tunggal.
7. The book had been returned to the library yesteryear Kathy.
Dalam soal tenses yang digunakan berbentuk yesteryear perfect, dan dalam yesteryear perfect tidak peduli tunggal atau jamak selalu menggunakan “had been”.
8. Several world buildings convey been designed yesteryear Miriam.
Dalam soal tenses yang digunakan adalah Present perfect, dan dalam kalimat passive kita menggunakan “have” karena several publicc buildings adalah jamak.
9. I will non hold upward fooled yesteryear his tricks.
Dalam soal tenses yang digunakan adalah uncomplicated future, dan dalam kalimat passive selalu menggunakan Will, dan dalam jawaban menggunakan kalimat uncomplicated hereafter berbentuk negative.
10. That greenback was non written yesteryear me. Was it written yesteryear Jim ?
Pada soal tenses yang digunakan adalah uncomplicated yesteryear tense. Dalam kalimat passive kita menggunakan to hold upward was, karena “that note” adalah kata tunggal, juga dalam jawaban kita menggunakan “was” karena plain of study kalimat passive adalah “It”.
11. Is Prof. Shapiro taught that course of pedagogy ? No, it is non taught by him.
Dalam soal tenses yang digunakan adalah uncomplicated introduce tense akan tetapi berbentuk kalimat tanya, sehingga dalam kalimat passive nya kita juga harus menggunakan kalimat tanya dari uncomplicated introduce tense.
12. Those papers have non been signed yesteryear Mrs. Andrews yet. Have those papers been signed by Mr.Andrews however ?
Dalam soal tenses yang digunakan adalah uncomplicated introduce perfect akan tetapi dalam bentuk kalimat negative. Dalam kalimat passive digunakan “have” karena plain of study dari kalimat passive adalah “Those papers” yang merupakan bentuk jamak
13. Anwar gave the speech
Dalam soal tenses yang digunakan adalah kalimat uncomplicated past, sehingga dalam kalimat aktivenya juga past.
14. The teaching assistant is going to right our assignments.
Dalam soal tenses yang digunakan adalah uncomplicated hereafter “ going to” dan untuk pembuatan kalimat aktive nya menggunakan “ is” karena plain of study kalimat aktive nya adalah the teaching assistant yang berbentuk tunggal.
15. Did Thomas Edison invent the electrical calorie-free bulb ?
Dalam soal kalimat yang digunakan mempunyai tenses uncomplicated yesteryear tense karena awal kalimat mengunakan kata “was”,sehingga dalam jawaban juga harus menggunakan kalimat uncomplicated past.
16. Most drivers create non obey the speed confine on Highway five
Dalam soal tenses yang digunakan adalah uncomplicated introduce karena “is non + V3” dan berbentuk kalimat negative sehigga dalam jawaban tenses yang digunakan juga harus uncomplicated introduce tense berbentuk aktive,kita menggunakan “do “ karena plain of study dari kalimat aktive ini adalah “Most drivers” yang berarti jamak.
17. Has the edifice managing director informed you lot of the rent growth ?